Welcome to Statsmodels’s Documentation¶
statsmodels
is a Python module that provides classes and functions for the estimation
of many different statistical models, as well as for conducting statistical tests, and statistical
data exploration. An extensive list of result statistics are available for each estimator.
The results are tested against existing statistical packages to ensure that they are correct. The
package is released under the open source Modified BSD (3-clause) license.
The online documentation is hosted at statsmodels.org.
Minimal Examples¶
Since version 0.5.0
of statsmodels
, you can use R-style formulas
together with pandas
data frames to fit your models. Here is a simple
example using ordinary least squares:
In [1]: import numpy as np
In [2]: import statsmodels.api as sm
In [3]: import statsmodels.formula.api as smf
# Load data
In [4]: dat = sm.datasets.get_rdataset("Guerry", "HistData", cache=True).data
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
gaierror Traceback (most recent call last)
/usr/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py in do_open(self, http_class, req, **http_conn_args)
1316 h.request(req.get_method(), req.selector, req.data, headers,
-> 1317 encode_chunked=req.has_header('Transfer-encoding'))
1318 except OSError as err: # timeout error
/usr/lib/python3.7/http/client.py in request(self, method, url, body, headers, encode_chunked)
1228 """Send a complete request to the server."""
-> 1229 self._send_request(method, url, body, headers, encode_chunked)
1230
/usr/lib/python3.7/http/client.py in _send_request(self, method, url, body, headers, encode_chunked)
1274 body = _encode(body, 'body')
-> 1275 self.endheaders(body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)
1276
/usr/lib/python3.7/http/client.py in endheaders(self, message_body, encode_chunked)
1223 raise CannotSendHeader()
-> 1224 self._send_output(message_body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)
1225
/usr/lib/python3.7/http/client.py in _send_output(self, message_body, encode_chunked)
1015 del self._buffer[:]
-> 1016 self.send(msg)
1017
/usr/lib/python3.7/http/client.py in send(self, data)
955 if self.auto_open:
--> 956 self.connect()
957 else:
/usr/lib/python3.7/http/client.py in connect(self)
1383
-> 1384 super().connect()
1385
/usr/lib/python3.7/http/client.py in connect(self)
927 self.sock = self._create_connection(
--> 928 (self.host,self.port), self.timeout, self.source_address)
929 self.sock.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_NODELAY, 1)
/usr/lib/python3.7/socket.py in create_connection(address, timeout, source_address)
706 err = None
--> 707 for res in getaddrinfo(host, port, 0, SOCK_STREAM):
708 af, socktype, proto, canonname, sa = res
/usr/lib/python3.7/socket.py in getaddrinfo(host, port, family, type, proto, flags)
747 addrlist = []
--> 748 for res in _socket.getaddrinfo(host, port, family, type, proto, flags):
749 af, socktype, proto, canonname, sa = res
gaierror: [Errno -2] Name or service not known
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
URLError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-4-ba67cff39b0d> in <module>()
----> 1 dat = sm.datasets.get_rdataset("Guerry", "HistData", cache=True).data
/build/statsmodels-IFPJo1/statsmodels-0.8.0/.pybuild/cpython3_3.7_statsmodels/build/statsmodels/datasets/utils.py in get_rdataset(dataname, package, cache)
288 "master/doc/"+package+"/rst/")
289 cache = _get_cache(cache)
--> 290 data, from_cache = _get_data(data_base_url, dataname, cache)
291 data = read_csv(data, index_col=0)
292 data = _maybe_reset_index(data)
/build/statsmodels-IFPJo1/statsmodels-0.8.0/.pybuild/cpython3_3.7_statsmodels/build/statsmodels/datasets/utils.py in _get_data(base_url, dataname, cache, extension)
219 url = base_url + (dataname + ".%s") % extension
220 try:
--> 221 data, from_cache = _urlopen_cached(url, cache)
222 except HTTPError as err:
223 if '404' in str(err):
/build/statsmodels-IFPJo1/statsmodels-0.8.0/.pybuild/cpython3_3.7_statsmodels/build/statsmodels/datasets/utils.py in _urlopen_cached(url, cache)
210 # not using the cache or didn't find it in cache
211 if not from_cache:
--> 212 data = urlopen(url).read()
213 if cache is not None: # then put it in the cache
214 _cache_it(data, cache_path)
/usr/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py in urlopen(url, data, timeout, cafile, capath, cadefault, context)
220 else:
221 opener = _opener
--> 222 return opener.open(url, data, timeout)
223
224 def install_opener(opener):
/usr/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py in open(self, fullurl, data, timeout)
523 req = meth(req)
524
--> 525 response = self._open(req, data)
526
527 # post-process response
/usr/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py in _open(self, req, data)
541 protocol = req.type
542 result = self._call_chain(self.handle_open, protocol, protocol +
--> 543 '_open', req)
544 if result:
545 return result
/usr/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py in _call_chain(self, chain, kind, meth_name, *args)
501 for handler in handlers:
502 func = getattr(handler, meth_name)
--> 503 result = func(*args)
504 if result is not None:
505 return result
/usr/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py in https_open(self, req)
1358 def https_open(self, req):
1359 return self.do_open(http.client.HTTPSConnection, req,
-> 1360 context=self._context, check_hostname=self._check_hostname)
1361
1362 https_request = AbstractHTTPHandler.do_request_
/usr/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py in do_open(self, http_class, req, **http_conn_args)
1317 encode_chunked=req.has_header('Transfer-encoding'))
1318 except OSError as err: # timeout error
-> 1319 raise URLError(err)
1320 r = h.getresponse()
1321 except:
URLError: <urlopen error [Errno -2] Name or service not known>
# Fit regression model (using the natural log of one of the regressors)
In [5]: results = smf.ols('Lottery ~ Literacy + np.log(Pop1831)', data=dat).fit()