World music
World music
Arabic improvisation
For improvisations or taqasim which are temporarily free, the time
signature can be omitted and \cadenzaOn
can be used. Adjusting
the accidental style might be required, since the absence of bar lines
will cause the accidental to be marked only once. Here is an example
of what could be the start of a hijaz improvisation:
| \include "arabic.ly"
\relative sol' {
\key re \kurd
\accidentalStyle forget
\cadenzaOn
sol4 sol sol sol fad mib sol1 fad8 mib re4. r8 mib1 fad sol
}
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Makam example
Makam is a type of melody from Turkey using 1/9th-tone microtonal
alterations. Consult the initialization file ‘ly/makam.ly’ for
details of pitch names and alterations.
| % Initialize makam settings
\include "makam.ly"
\relative c' {
\set Staff.keyAlterations = #`((6 . ,(- KOMA)) (3 . ,BAKIYE))
c4 cc db fk
gbm4 gfc gfb efk
fk4 db cc c
}
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Non-traditional key signatures
The commonly used \key
command sets the keyAlterations
property in the Staff
context. To create non-standard key
signatures, set this property directly.
The format of this command is a list:
\set Staff.keyAlterations = #`(((octave . step) . alter) ((octave
. step) . alter) ...)
where, for each element in the list octave
specifies the octave
(0 being the octave from middle c to the b above), step
specifies
the note within the octave (0 means c and 6 means b), and alter
is ,SHARP ,FLAT ,DOUBLE-SHARP
etc.
Alternatively, using the more concise format for each item in the list,
(step . alter)
specifies the same alteration holds in all
octaves. For microtonal scales where a “sharp” is not 100 cents,
alter
refers to the proportion of a 200-cent whole tone.
| \include "arabic.ly"
\relative do' {
\set Staff.keyAlterations = #`((0 . ,SEMI-FLAT)
(1 . ,SEMI-FLAT)
(2 . ,FLAT)
(5 . ,FLAT)
(6 . ,SEMI-FLAT))
%\set Staff.extraNatural = ##f
re reb \dwn reb resd
dod dob dosd \dwn dob |
dobsb dodsd do do |
}
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Printing text from right to left
It is possible to print text from right to left in a markup object, as
demonstrated here.
| {
b1^\markup {
\line { i n g i r u m i m u s n o c t e }
}
f'_\markup {
\override #'(text-direction . -1)
\line { i n g i r u m i m u s n o c t e }
}
}
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