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Spesifikasi Sistem

Sila piliha satu tajuk untuk mula.

Keperluan Sistem Minimum

works well on both high-end to older computers, optimized to be functional, while light on system resources.

Minimum
  • Pentium DwiTeras 1.6 GHz - dicipta pada tahun 2007
  • 2 gigabait (GB) RAM
  • 16 gigabait (GB) ruang cakera
Disarankan
  • Pentium i3 - dicipta pada tahun 2013
  • 4 gigabait (GB) RAM
  • 80 gigabait (GB) ruang cakera

The operating system will run much more efficiently if your computer meets or surpasses the recommended requirements.

Bersedia untuk Memasang

is relatively simple to set up, whether you're looking to replace your existing operating system or install alongside an existing one - such as   Microsoft Windows or another GNU/Linux distribution.

Untuk hasil terbaik:

  • Sandar mana-mana data penting ke dalam pemacu storan lain.
  • Sambung ke Internet untuk memasang semua kemaskini yang tersedia ketika pemasangan.
  • Kekal bersambung dengan Internet untuk memasang semua kemaskini yang tersedia.
  • Palamkan soket kuasa jika ia masih berjalan dengan kuasa bateri.

The live session you are currently in right now is a good opportunity to test without modifying your computer, allowing you to test all of your peripherals are working as intended before committing to installing it on your machine. Once you are ready, double click the installation icon from the desktop.


Komputer modern berasaskan-UEFI

If you have a modern PC that uses the Unified Extended Firmware Interface (UEFI), you may need to disable Secure Boot (or enable the Unlock Bootloader option) prior to installation, particularly if an operating system was pre-installed.

If you are using a legacy BIOS machine, you do not need to do this.

Especially when dual booting, it is important that you boot your system in the correct mode and use the 64-bit image , as you cannot boot an operating system installed in BIOS mode after installing a UEFI-enabled operating system or vice versa.

Booting in BIOS mode on a UEFI system with a GPT-formatted disk will also show a "protection layer". Do not worry, your data is not lost or corrupt!

Your system is currently running in mode.

Silih

For computers that start to run low on memory (RAM), the operating system will start swapping to disk. Known as a "paging file" in Windows. Performance will decrease when running low on memory and could possibly freeze if you completely run out of memory without anywhere to swap.

By default, a swap partition is created based on the size of your RAM. For example, if you have 2 GiB of RAM, then 2 GiB of hard disk space will be reserved for swap at the end of the drive.

By default, a swap file is created based on the size of your RAM. For example, if you have 2 GiB of RAM, then 2 GiB of hard disk space will be reserved for the swap file. A separate swap partition is no longer required to be created.

Dwi-But

Should you wish to install alongside your existing operating system, your partitions need to be shrunk. This results in sections of your hard disk being split between multiple operating systems.

Untuk meminimumkan risiko kehilangan atau kegagalan data, pastikan:
  • Ruang bebas yang mencukupi, Minimum 10 GB disarankan.
  • Sandar data penting ke dalam pemacu lain.
  • Defragment the hard drive.
  • Pastikan Windows telah ditutup dengan baik (bukan dihibernasikan).

Pendekatan manakah yang anda mahu?

Kaedah termudah ialah dengan penggunaan pemasang.

The installer scans your disks for existing operating systems and provides a choice on what you'd like to do.

Anda akan melihat pilihan seperti ini:

Diikuti dengan:

Jangan sampuk atau matikan komputer ketika operasi saiz semula.

Jika berlaku, kehilangan data atau kerosakan jadual sekatan boleh berlaku. Sila periksa sekali lagi perubahan yang anda buat sebelum diteruskan.

The installer may show a spinner cursor for a long period of time, depending on the size of your disk.

When you next boot Windows, run chkdsk /f from the command prompt to check the file system for errors. Windows may schedule this automatically. This ensures consistency for the NTFS file system.

Use GParted or the installer's "Custom" option.

GParted is available during the live session only. It is located under the System Administration menu. GParted provides complete flexibility over your partitions, primarily for power users who know how they'd like to layout their disks. This method makes changes to partitions prior to installation.


After completing operations to your disk, you can leave the remaining space unallocated, whereby the installer will detect this unused space to install to.


Using the Installer's "Custom" option.

Instead or in addition to GParted, the Custom option during the installation wizard can also configure and resize your partitions as well as choose mount points. Dividing your disks can make it somewhat easier to re-install the operating system later if desired.

Anda boleh nyatakan titik lekap berikut:

  • / - Tapak untuk
  • /boot - Pemuat but dan kernel
  • /home - Fail dan folder peribadi anda
  • /tmp - Fail sementara
  • /usr - Contains most of the applications (binaries, documentation, libraries, etc)
  • /var - Variable data (such as system logs)
  • /srv - Data for System Services (typically used for server configurations)
  • /opt - Additional software unmanaged by the package manager (seperti Spotify)

Creating separate partitions for all above mount points is not necessary. The commonly partitioned directories being /, /home and /boot. These mount points can also be set across different physical disks, for instance, if you'd like the OS / on an SSD, but your personal files /home on a mechanical hard drive.

Kecilkan cakera sistem anda di dalam Windows.
Dilaksana pada Windows Vista dan versi terkemudian.

If you are using Windows XP or earlier, you will need to use the Simple or Advanced method to shrink your disk.

Newer versions of Windows provide a tool to shrink the NTFS volume from within Windows. This is a safer bet if it's essential that Windows still boots on your computer while experiencing .

1. Open Disk Management from the start menu.

2. Right click your desired drive and choose Shrink Partition from the context menu.

3. Enter the amount to shrink your system partition by.

Remember, needs at minimum 16 GB of disk space. 1 GB = 1000 MB
Pembacaan Lanjut

For further information on the best practices to modify partitions containing Windows, see the following help article online.


Membaiki Masalah But

Linux distributions use a boot loader known as grub, which looks for and bootstraps the operating system. However, some operating systems (such as Windows) do not integrate with existing boot loaders and will overwrite them, with the potential to lose access to temporally.

Fortunately, you can use the Boot Repair tool to repair common problems caused by other operating systems.

Memerlukan muat turun sebuah pakej.

Sila sambung dengan Internet untuk memuat turun dan guna utiliti ini.

Maaf, Aluan tidak berupaya menjalinkan sambungan.

Retry
 Muat Turun Boot Repair   Buka Boot-Repair 

Kemaskini & Ekstra

Satu sambungan Internet diperlukan untuk memuat turun dan memasang kemaskini.

Pengemaskini Perisian

periodically will check to see if new software and security updates are available for your computer. If you have just installed , you might want to do this now.

Software Updater can be found later in Application Menu

 Periksa Kemaskini 


Ekstra Terhad

Ubuntu(the base distribution of ) strives to make all of the most important software available to its users automatically. However patent and copyright restrictions (see Ubuntu License Policy) complicate distribution of software to support non-free formats.

However, you can install the ability to play popular non-free media formats, including DVD, MP3, Quicktime, and Windows Media formats, by following the instructions below.

Ubuntu’s commitment to only include completely free software by default means that proprietary media formats are not configured “out of the box”. See Ubuntu’s Free Software Philosophy and the Free Formats page for a more comprehensive discussion of these issues.

Legal Notice Patent and copyright laws operate differently depending on which country you are in. Please obtain legal advice if you are unsure whether a particular patent or restriction applies to a media format you wish to use in your country.

 Pasang   Buang 

Pemacu

While a wide range of hardware is compatible with , there are some components and peripherals that require proprietary drivers to function properly. Installing the firmware package is often required to get some devices, typically Bluetooth and Wi-Fi, to work correctly.

Satu sambungan Internet diperlukan untuk memuat turun dan memasang pemacu.

Additional Drivers can be found later in Software & Updates

Grafik

Pemacu Proprietari atau Sumber Terbuka?

Proprietary drivers come directly from the manufacturer. As they are not open source, Ubuntu developers are unable to review and improve driver code meaning you'll have to rely on the manufacturer for support.

In addition, proprietary drivers can significantly improve graphics performance and as a result, the entire system. Users may wish to install these drivers to:

  • Jalankan aplikasi dan permainan 3D.
  • Improve power management, particularly if the device experiences overheating problems under open source drivers.
  • Improve support for high resolutions and multiple monitors.
  • Baiki masalah skrin gelap.

Proprietary drivers are known as "binary blobs". Certain hardware may experience worse behavior, causing more issues then the open source drivers, such as:

  • Kegagalan membut ke desktop bergrafik.
  • Pemacu rosak selepas penataran.
  • Glic grafik teruk.
  • Problems with applications/games requiring hardware acceleration.

Peranti Tanpa Wayar, Bluetooth dan Lain-Lain

If there were no additional drivers found for the hardware nor did it work after installing the firmware packages, you may need to research your device to find the appropriate driver.

Unfortunately, this is due to the fact the manufacturer for your hardware hasn't provided any source code for developers to freely use, or there is insufficient documentation to create drivers for your particular brand and model.

Some manufacturers may provide closed source drivers provided by themselves directly. If you require assistance, feel free to ask the community.

Read more on troubleshooting wireless hardware.

Kaedah input

In , we provide an option to switch between two widely used keyboard entry layouts. IBus(Intelligent Input Bus) and Fcitx(Free Chinese Input Toy for X).

 Pasang & Konfigur IBus    IBus kini aktif  
 Pasang & Konfigur Fcitx   Fcitx kini aktif 

Sokongan Bahasa

Your computer may require updates to your language and localization settings, or you may want to install additional language support.

Language Support can be found later in Settings Region & Language


Input Kompleks

Some regions of the world require complex inputs.

Bahasa Cina
 Pasang   Buang 
Bahasa Jepun
 Pasang   Buang 
Bahasa Korea
 Pasang   Buang 

Sandar, Dinding Api dan Pengurusan Pengguna

provides option to install a backup utility or firewall and supports multiple user accounts.


Sandar

Nothing is more important then having a backup of your personal files, just in case something disastrous happens to your computer.

Deja-Dup is a powerful backup utility that can be installed in and supports backups to local devices as well as online cloud-based services.

 Pasang 
  Konfigur Sandar 

Backups can be found later in Application Menu Backup.


Dinding Api

Firewalls prevent malicious connections entering and leaving your computer. By default, the firewall is disabled, learn more about firewalls.

Gufw provides a graphical frontend to ufw (Uncomplicated Firewall). If security is important to you, there are more ways to stay secure too.

 Pasang 
  Konfigur Dinding Api 

Firewall Configuration can be found later in Settings System Firewall Configuration.


Pengguna

Share your computer with others? Set up a separate user account for each user to protect the individual privacy of each user sharing the same computer.

You can also log in to a Guest Session if someone is using your computer as a one-off.

  Konfigur Pengguna 

Users can be found later in Settings Users.

The comes with cool effects and animations to provide you a smooth user experience. However, these effects may not play well inside Virtual Machines and in low resource system.

So we provide an option to toggle animation and remote networking to get improved performance inside Virtual Machines and low resource computers.

To improve the amount of customizability, allows you to install/remove popular web browsers with a single click.

Chromium

Chromium is an open-source browser project that aims to build a safer, faster, and more stable way for all Internet users to experience the web.

Pasang Buang

Firefox

Mozilla Firefox is a free and open-source web browser, developed by the Mozilla Foundation - a not for profit organisation. It is highly popular targeting multiple platforms.

Pasang Buang

Google Chrome

Google Chrome is a modern web browser backed by internet giant Google. It offers a smooth browsing experience plus integration with Google's proprietary services.

Pasang Buang

Vivaldi

Vivaldi Web Browser is a free, fully customizable web browser. Feature rich, powerful, secure and fun! Browse the Web your way

Pasang Buang

Antaramuka Pengguna

provides a unique tool to transform the user interface. It can be used to quickly setup the user interface to broadly reflect how other popular operating systems look and feel.

Raven Configuration Center can be found later in budgie panel options .

Tetapan

The utilities mentioned above are all part of the extensive Settings control center that provides. You can configure just about every aspect of your computer from Settings.

Pintasan Papan Kekunci

has many keyboard shortcuts that help make using your computer more efficient.

The Super key is your Windows key. For Mac keyboards, this is the ⌘ Command key.

Pintasan Desktop Budgie

Beberapa pintasan umum yang digunapakai dalam Desktop Budgie

  N Buka pemberitahuan dalam Raven
  A Buka Tetapan aplet dalam Raven

Pintasan aplikasi umum

Pintasan ini digunapakai dalam kebanyakan aplikasi.

Ctrl C Salin teks/objek terpilih
Ctrl X Potong teks/objek terpilih
Ctrl V Tampal/sisip teks/objek terpilih
Ctrl A Pilih semua teks
Ctrl F Cari perkataan
Ctrl F Cari dan ganti perkataan
Ctrl B Jadikan teks terpilih tebal
Ctrl I Jadikan teks terpilih condong
Ctrl U Garis bawahkan teks terpilih
Ctrl N Buka satu dokumen atau tetingkap baharu
Ctrl S Simpan dokumen semasa
Ctrl O Buka dokumen lain
Ctrl P Cetak dokumen semasa
Ctrl Z Buat asal perubahan terakhir yang anda buat
Ctrl Shift Z Redo a change that you just undid
F11 Toggle the current application between full-screen and windowed

Pintasan desktop

This section lists common keyboard shortcuts which you can use to operate parts of the desktop.

  Buka menu Aplikasi
Alt  F2 Run an application by typing its name in the box which appears
Ctrl Alt  Padam Daftar Keluar
  L Kunci skrin anda.
Ctrl Alt  T Buka terminal.
Alt    S Pembaca skrin dibenarkan/dilumpuhkan.

Pintasan tetingkap

Alt  Tab Switch between currently-open windows.
  • Press Alt + Tab and then release Tab (but continue to hold Alt).
  • Press Tab repeatedly to cycle through the list of available windows which appears on the screen.
Ctrl Alt  Kiri Tukar ke ruang kerja terdahulu.
Ctrl Alt  Kanan Tukar ke ruang kerja berikutnya.
Ctrl Alt  Shift Kiri Move the current window to the previous workspace.
Ctrl Alt  Shift Kanan Move the current window to the next workspace.
Alt  F4 Tutup tetingkap.
Alt  F5 Returns window to 'normal' or previous size.
Alt  F7 Moves the current window (can be moved with mouse or keyboard).
Alt  F8 Resizes current window (again, can be moved with mouse or keyboard).
  H Minimizes current window.
  Up Maksimumkan tetingkap semasa.
Alt  Space Displays the window menu with options such as 'Always on Top' and 'Minimize' and 'Maximize' and above commands.
  Kiri  Place window on left side of screen.
  Kanan  Place window on right side of screen.

Apa ada dalam komputer saya?

Your machine is made up of various components that interact with one another. This information is useful when providing support to ensure hardware and software works on your machine.

Sistem

Distribusi:
Kernel:
Papan Induk:
Mod But:

Pemproses

Model:
Kelajuan:
Senibina yang digunakan:
Senibina(s) disokong:

Komponen

Ingatan (RAM):
Grafik:
Capaian Internet:   Bersambung   Tidak Bersambung

Storan

Sistem Fail Root:
Keseluruhan Kapasiti Cakera:
Diperuntuk untuk :
Ruang Digunakan:
Ruang Bebas:
Penggunaan Lain: